Asociación de la concentración sérica de zinc total y zinc alfa 2 glicoproteína con el estado nutricio y perfil metabólico en población infantil con sobrepeso y obesidad

Abstract

The biological role of Zinc-alpha 2-glycoprotein (ZAG) has been associated with lipid mobilization, although this is not entirely clear. The study’s aim was to examine the serum levels of ZAG and zinc (Zn) in a children population with overweight (OW) and obesity (OB), and their relationship with biochemical parameters. Our study was a cross-sectional analysis of a group of Mexican children aged 6–9 (n=72). We analyzed anthropometric data and various biochemical parameters, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), insulin, and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance 2 (HOMA-IR). ZAG protein levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and serum zinc (Zn) levels were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP–MS). The Zn values indicate a statistically significant difference between normal weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) children with Zn concentrations was (91 µg/dL; IQR: 61.7 to 108.8) for NW and (66 µg/dL; IQR: 42.5 to 82.7) for OW/OB. ZAG values did not show significant differences between NW and OW/OB, of (2.1 mg/dL; IQR: 1.6 to 2.6) and (2.3 mg/dL; IQR 1.6 to 2.8), respectively Additionally, the Zn/ZAG ratio was lower in the OW/OB population (2.9 IQR: 1.9 to 4.5, p= 0.05) compared to the NW population (3.7 IQR 2.5 to 5.1 , p= 0.05) and the correlations were found between fasting plasma glucose (FPG) with Zn (r= 0.880, p= 0.004) and ZAG (r= 0.387, p= 0.046) in the boys population, as well as a negative correlation between insulin and Zn in NW children of both sex. HOMA-IR shows correlations between Zn (r=0.499, p=0.008) and ZAG (r=0.473, p=0.010) in the overweight/obese (OW/OB) population of both boys and girls. Additionally, correlations were observed between LDLc, TG, and BMIz with Zn and ZAG in the boys population. In the same way we also found that girls with OW/OB had a Zn/ZAG ratio of 2.32 (95% CI -4.58 to -0.07, p=0.043) compared to normal weight boys. In conclusion, our findings highlight the significant roles of Zn and ZAG in glucose and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, the Zn/ZAG ratio might be a potential indicator for assessing Zn and ZAG levels in nutritional balance and the preventing of metabolic diseases. However, further studies are necessary to validate our results.